尽管模拟语义通信系统在文献中受到了很大的关注，但在数字语义通信系统上的工作较少。在本文中，我们开发了一个深度学习（DL）启用的矢量量化（VQ）语义通信系统，用于图像传输，名为VQ-Deepsc。具体而言，我们提出了一个基于卷积的神经网络（CNN）的收发器来提取图像的多尺度语义特征，并引入多尺度语义嵌入空间以执行语义特征量化，从而使数据与数字通信系统兼容。此外，我们通过引入Patchgan歧视者来采用对抗训练来提高接收图像的质量。实验结果表明，根据SSIM，所提出的VQ-Deepsc优于传统图像传输方法。

语义通信引起了人们的兴趣，因为它可以显着减少在不丢失关键信息的情况下要传输的数据量。大多数现有作品都探索文本的语义编码和传输，并在自然语言处理（NLP）中应用技术来解释文本的含义。在本文中，我们构想了图像数据的语义通信，这些语义数据在语义和带宽敏感方面更为丰富。我们提出了一种基于增强学习的自适应语义编码（RL-ASC）方法，该方法编码超过像素级别的图像。首先，我们定义了图像数据的语义概念，该概念包括类别，空间布置和视觉特征作为表示单元，并提出卷积语义编码器以提取语义概念。其次，我们提出了图像重建标准，该标准从传统像素的相似性演变为语义相似性和感知性能。第三，我们设计了一种基于RL的新型语义位分配模型，其奖励是用自适应量化水平编码某个语义概念后的速率语义感知性能的提高。因此，与任务相关的信息得到正确保存和重建，同时丢弃了较少重要的数据。最后，我们提出了基于生成的对抗网（GAN）的语义解码器，该语义解码器通过注意模块融合本地和全球特征。实验结果表明，所提出的RL-ASC具有噪声稳定性，可以重建视觉上令人愉悦和语义一致的图像，并节省与标准编解码器和其他基于深度学习的图像编解码器相比，可以节省位置的时间。

现实世界图像超分辨率（SR）的关键挑战是在低分辨率（LR）图像中恢复具有复杂未知降解（例如，下采样，噪声和压缩）的缺失细节。大多数以前的作品还原图像空间中的此类缺失细节。为了应对自然图像的高度多样性，他们要么依靠难以训练和容易训练和伪影的不稳定的甘体，要么诉诸于通常不可用的高分辨率（HR）图像中的明确参考。在这项工作中，我们提出了匹配SR（FEMASR）的功能，该功能在更紧凑的特征空间中恢复了现实的HR图像。与图像空间方法不同，我们的FEMASR通过将扭曲的LR图像{\ IT特征}与我们预读的HR先验中的无失真性HR对应物匹配来恢复HR图像，并解码匹配的功能以获得现实的HR图像。具体而言，我们的人力资源先验包含一个离散的特征代码簿及其相关的解码器，它们在使用量化的生成对抗网络（VQGAN）的HR图像上预估计。值得注意的是，我们在VQGAN中结合了一种新型的语义正则化，以提高重建图像的质量。对于功能匹配，我们首先提取由LR编码器组成的LR编码器的LR功能，然后遵循简单的最近邻居策略，将其与预读的代码簿匹配。特别是，我们为LR编码器配备了与解码器的残留快捷方式连接，这对于优化功能匹配损耗至关重要，还有助于补充可能的功能匹配错误。实验结果表明，我们的方法比以前的方法产生更现实的HR图像。代码以\ url {https://github.com/chaofengc/femasr}发布。

作为Shannon Paradigm的突破的语义通信旨在成功传输由源传送的语义信息，而不是每种单个符号或位的准确接收，而不管其含义如何。本文提供了关于语义通信的概述。在简要审查Shannon信息理论之后，我们讨论了深入学习的理论，框架和系统设计的语义通信。不同于用于测量传统通信系统的符号/误码率，还讨论了语义通信的新性能度量。这篇文章由几个开放问题结束。

As one of the most important psychic stress reactions, micro-expressions (MEs), are spontaneous and transient facial expressions that can reveal the genuine emotions of human beings. Thus, recognizing MEs (MER) automatically is becoming increasingly crucial in the field of affective computing, and provides essential technical support in lie detection, psychological analysis and other areas. However, the lack of abundant ME data seriously restricts the development of cutting-edge data-driven MER models. Despite the recent efforts of several spontaneous ME datasets to alleviate this problem, it is still a tiny amount of work. To solve the problem of ME data hunger, we construct a dynamic spontaneous ME dataset with the largest current ME data scale, called DFME (Dynamic Facial Micro-expressions), which includes 7,526 well-labeled ME videos induced by 671 participants and annotated by more than 20 annotators throughout three years. Afterwards, we adopt four classical spatiotemporal feature learning models on DFME to perform MER experiments to objectively verify the validity of DFME dataset. In addition, we explore different solutions to the class imbalance and key-frame sequence sampling problems in dynamic MER respectively on DFME, so as to provide a valuable reference for future research. The comprehensive experimental results show that our DFME dataset can facilitate the research of automatic MER, and provide a new benchmark for MER. DFME will be published via https://mea-lab-421.github.io.

Interview has been regarded as one of the most crucial step for recruitment. To fully prepare for the interview with the recruiters, job seekers usually practice with mock interviews between each other. However, such a mock interview with peers is generally far away from the real interview experience: the mock interviewers are not guaranteed to be professional and are not likely to behave like a real interviewer. Due to the rapid growth of online recruitment in recent years, recruiters tend to have online interviews, which makes it possible to collect real interview data from real interviewers. In this paper, we propose a novel application named EZInterviewer, which aims to learn from the online interview data and provides mock interview services to the job seekers. The task is challenging in two ways: (1) the interview data are now available but still of low-resource; (2) to generate meaningful and relevant interview dialogs requires thorough understanding of both resumes and job descriptions. To address the low-resource challenge, EZInterviewer is trained on a very small set of interview dialogs. The key idea is to reduce the number of parameters that rely on interview dialogs by disentangling the knowledge selector and dialog generator so that most parameters can be trained with ungrounded dialogs as well as the resume data that are not low-resource. Evaluation results on a real-world job interview dialog dataset indicate that we achieve promising results to generate mock interviews. With the help of EZInterviewer, we hope to make mock interview practice become easier for job seekers.

Panoptic Part Segmentation (PPS) unifies panoptic segmentation and part segmentation into one task. Previous works utilize separated approaches to handle thing, stuff, and part predictions without shared computation and task association. We aim to unify these tasks at the architectural level, designing the first end-to-end unified framework named Panoptic-PartFormer. Moreover, we find the previous metric PartPQ biases to PQ. To handle both issues, we make the following contributions: Firstly, we design a meta-architecture that decouples part feature and things/stuff feature, respectively. We model things, stuff, and parts as object queries and directly learn to optimize all three forms of prediction as a unified mask prediction and classification problem. We term our model as Panoptic-PartFormer. Secondly, we propose a new metric Part-Whole Quality (PWQ) to better measure such task from both pixel-region and part-whole perspectives. It can also decouple the error for part segmentation and panoptic segmentation. Thirdly, inspired by Mask2Former, based on our meta-architecture, we propose Panoptic-PartFormer++ and design a new part-whole cross attention scheme to further boost part segmentation qualities. We design a new part-whole interaction method using masked cross attention. Finally, the extensive ablation studies and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of both Panoptic-PartFormer and Panoptic-PartFormer++. Compared with previous Panoptic-PartFormer, our Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves 2% PartPQ and 3% PWQ improvements on the Cityscapes PPS dataset and 5% PartPQ on the Pascal Context PPS dataset. On both datasets, Panoptic-PartFormer++ achieves new state-of-the-art results with a significant cost drop of 70% on GFlops and 50% on parameters. Our models can serve as a strong baseline and aid future research in PPS. Code will be available.

In contrast to the control-theoretic methods, the lack of stability guarantee remains a significant problem for model-free reinforcement learning (RL) methods. Jointly learning a policy and a Lyapunov function has recently become a promising approach to ensuring the whole system with a stability guarantee. However, the classical Lyapunov constraints researchers introduced cannot stabilize the system during the sampling-based optimization. Therefore, we propose the Adaptive Stability Certification (ASC), making the system reach sampling-based stability. Because the ASC condition can search for the optimal policy heuristically, we design the Adaptive Lyapunov-based Actor-Critic (ALAC) algorithm based on the ASC condition. Meanwhile, our algorithm avoids the optimization problem that a variety of constraints are coupled into the objective in current approaches. When evaluated on ten robotic tasks, our method achieves lower accumulated cost and fewer stability constraint violations than previous studies.

Surgical robot automation has attracted increasing research interest over the past decade, expecting its huge potential to benefit surgeons, nurses and patients. Recently, the learning paradigm of embodied AI has demonstrated promising ability to learn good control policies for various complex tasks, where embodied AI simulators play an essential role to facilitate relevant researchers. However, existing open-sourced simulators for surgical robot are still not sufficiently supporting human interactions through physical input devices, which further limits effective investigations on how human demonstrations would affect policy learning. In this paper, we study human-in-the-loop embodied intelligence with a new interactive simulation platform for surgical robot learning. Specifically, we establish our platform based on our previously released SurRoL simulator with several new features co-developed to allow high-quality human interaction via an input device. With these, we further propose to collect human demonstrations and imitate the action patterns to achieve more effective policy learning. We showcase the improvement of our simulation environment with the designed new features and tasks, and validate state-of-the-art reinforcement learning algorithms using the interactive environment. Promising results are obtained, with which we hope to pave the way for future research on surgical embodied intelligence. Our platform is released and will be continuously updated in the website: https://med-air.github.io/SurRoL/

In this paper, a semantic communication framework for image transmission is developed. In the investigated framework, a set of servers cooperatively transmit images to a set of users utilizing semantic communication techniques. To evaluate the performance of studied semantic communication system, a multimodal metric is proposed to measure the correlation between the extracted semantic information and the original image. To meet the ISS requirement of each user, each server must jointly determine the semantic information to be transmitted and the resource blocks (RBs) used for semantic information transmission. We formulate this problem as an optimization problem aiming to minimize each server's transmission latency while reaching the ISS requirement. To solve this problem, a value decomposition based entropy-maximized multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL) is proposed, which enables servers to coordinate for training and execute RB allocation in a distributed manner to approach to a globally optimal performance with less training iterations. Compared to traditional multi-agent RL, the proposed RL improves the valuable action exploration of servers and the probability of finding a globally optimal RB allocation policy based on local observation. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the transmission delay by up to 16.1% compared to traditional multi-agent RL.